| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| In FRRouting (FRR) 8.3 through 10.5.1, bgp_notify_decapsulate_hard_reset() in bgpd/bgp_packet.c does not validate the length of the data field of a received BGP NOTIFICATION Cease/Hard Reset message (RFC 8538). When the data field is exactly one byte long, the function reads one byte past the end of a heap buffer and the 16-bit length of the encapsulated data underflows to 65535, causing a 65535-byte out-of-bounds heap read followed by an assertion failure. A remote BGP peer that has established a session and negotiated the Graceful Restart capability with the Notification (N) bit can send such a message to crash the bgpd daemon, terminating all BGP sessions (denial of service). This is fixed in 10.0.5, 10.1.5, 10.2.6, 10.3.4, 10.4.3, 10.5.2 and 10.6.0. |
| Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| P-Net before 1.0.4 does not check the record data length of an IODWrite request to a non-user record index against the size of the record block header. The 32-bit length is reduced by the header size before it is passed to the record handlers, so a length smaller than the header underflows and the handlers receive a data length of about 65530. The fixed-size reads of the I&M and PDPort handlers can then read past the end of the session buffer. The result of the write is discarded. The attacker must have an established Application Relationship or be able to send in the context of one, and requires ADJACENT network access. |
| Incorrectly handled negative sizes when processing ProcXvShmPutImage requests in the X.Org xwayland before 24.1.15 and X Server before 21.1.26 could be used by local authenticated X clients to crash the X server or execute code. |
| A flaw was found in BusyBox's udhcpc DHCP client. When processing raw DHCP packets, the client replaces the validated packet length with an attacker-controlled value from the IP header without re-validating the minimum size. This leads to an integer underflow when subtracting header sizes, causing a subsequent memory copy with a massively oversized length. An attacker on the same network segment can send a specially crafted packet to crash the DHCP client, resulting in denial of service and loss of network connectivity. |
| The RFCOMM multiplexer control-channel handler in subsys/bluetooth/host/classic/rfcomm.c computed the echo length for a BT_RFCOMM_TEST command as buf->len - 1 and passed it to rfcomm_send_test(), whose length parameter is a uint8_t. A malformed but FCS-valid UIH frame on DLCI 0 can leave buf->len == 0 after rfcomm_handle_msg() pulls the two-byte MCC header, so buf->len - 1 underflows and narrows to 255.
rfcomm_send_test() then copies 255 bytes out of a receive buffer that holds no remaining valid data, and appends them to an outgoing L2CAP PDU allocated with only CONFIG_BT_L2CAP_TX_MTU (253 by default for CONFIG_BT_CLASSIC) bytes of tailroom. The source read runs past the end of the ACL receive buffer into adjacent buffers of the same net_buf pool, and the destination copy overruns the transmit buffer by about eight bytes; net_buf_add_mem() performs no runtime bounds check in ordinary builds, where the underlying __ASSERT_NO_MSG() is compiled out.
The trigger is a single five-byte RFCOMM frame on the multiplexer control channel, which is processed as soon as the L2CAP channel for PSM 3 is established — before any DLC exists and independent of RFCOMM session state. bt_rfcomm_init() registers that L2CAP server with .sec_level = BT_SECURITY_L1, which l2cap_br_conn_security() accepts without any link key from a peer that does not claim host Secure Simple Pairing support, so an unpaired BR/EDR device in radio range of a connectable target with CONFIG_BT_RFCOMM enabled (SPP, HFP, HSP, GOEP and similar profiles all enable it) can reach the defect.
The resulting 255-byte TEST response is transmitted back to the attacker, disclosing roughly 255 bytes of adjacent stack/pool memory — including the contents of neighbouring receive buffers, which an attacker can prime with earlier packets — and the accompanying out-of-bounds write corrupts memory following the transmit buffer, which can crash the Bluetooth host. The request is trivially repeatable, so both the disclosure and the corruption can be driven at will.
Two fixes are needed, and the first on its own does not close the out-of-bounds write. Fix 1 (0040ef781e1d, #115768) strips the FCS byte in rfcomm_recv() and echoes buf->len, rejecting anything over UINT8_MAX, which removes the underflow and the over-read. But rfcomm_make_uih_msg() still allocates the response with bt_l2cap_create_pdu() and never compares the requested length with the buffer's tailroom, so a well-formed TEST command carrying a pattern of about 248 bytes or more still builds a response (3-byte frame header, 2-byte message header, pattern, FCS) larger than the 253 bytes available. A pattern that long can only be received when the RFCOMM L2CAP receive MTU (CONFIG_BT_RFCOMM_L2CAP_MTU, which defaults to CONFIG_BT_BUF_ACL_RX_SIZE) exceeds CONFIG_BT_L2CAP_TX_MTU. The plain BR/EDR defaults (200 against 253) cannot reach it, but from v4.3.0 enabling CONFIG_BT_GOEP raises CONFIG_BT_BUF_ACL_RX_SIZE to 264 (265 from v4.4.0), so GOEP builds with only fix 1 applied still overrun the transmit buffer by up to eight bytes. This includes v4.3.2, the last v4.3 release, which carries fix 1 but will not receive fix 2. Fix 2 (214530895dd3, #118293) checks the tailroom on every RFCOMM PDU allocation and closes this residual write. |
| A buffer overread caused by casting a negative integer to CARD32 in XvQueryImageAttributes in X.Org X Server before 21.1.26 and xwayland before 24.1.15 could be used to causes crashes by authenticated X clients. |
| Quest NetVault Backup nvpmgr Integer Underflow Denial-of-Service Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to create a denial-of-service condition on affected installations of Quest NetVault Backup. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the nvpmgr service, which listens on UDP port 20031 by default. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in an integer underflow before allocating a buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to create a denial-of-service condition on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-28744. |
| An integer underflow in Zephyr's IPv4 option handling allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to read stack memory. When replying to an ICMP Echo Request that carries an IPv4 Record Route or Timestamp option, icmpv4_update_record_route() and icmpv4_update_time_stamp() in subsys/net/ip/icmpv4.c compute the length of the already recorded data as ptr - ptr_offset in uint8_t arithmetic. The attacker-controlled Pointer field is checked against the option length but not against the RFC 791 minimum (4 for Record Route, 5 for Timestamp), so a smaller value wraps the length to up to 252 bytes. net_pkt_write() then reads past the 40-byte opt_data stack buffer and up to 213 bytes of stack memory, which can include stack and heap pointers, are returned in the ICMP Echo Reply. A single packet triggers the leak and the device does not crash, so it can be repeated. Devices built with CONFIG_NET_IPV4_HDR_OPTIONS, which CONFIG_NET_IPV4_IGMP selects, are affected. |
| Insufficient parameter sanitization in AMD Secure Processor (ASP) TEE DrvSys could allow an attacker with local access to the Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) interface or Trusted Application (TA) to cause an out-of-bounds write, potentially resulting in a loss of platform integrity or denial of service. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/mlx5e: Fix eswitch mode block underflow on IPsec acquire SA
mlx5e_xfrm_add_state() handles acquire-flow temporary SAs by allocating
software state and skipping hardware offload setup.
That path jumps to the common success label before taking the eswitch mode
block. After tunnel-mode validation was moved earlier, the common success
label unconditionally calls mlx5_eswitch_unblock_mode(). For acquire SAs,
this decrements esw->offloads.num_block_mode without a matching increment.
Return directly after installing the acquire SA offload handle, so only the
paths that successfully called mlx5_eswitch_block_mode() call the matching
unblock. |
| Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Update Stack allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rust_binder: use a u64 stride when cleaning up the offsets array
Allocation's Drop walks the offsets array (binder_size_t = u64 entries),
cleaning up the objects, but it used usize instead of u64 for both the
stride and the per-entry read.
On 64-bit kernels (usize == u64) this is harmless, but on 32-bit kernels
it walks the 8-byte entries in 4-byte steps, iterating an N-entry array
2N times, and reads the always-zero high word as offset 0, cleaning up
the object at offset 0 N extra times. As a result the referenced node or
handle ends up with a lower reference count than it actually has (a
refcount over-decrement), and binder's reference accounting is corrupted;
for example, the owner can be notified of a strong reference release
(BR_RELEASE) even though references still remain.
Change the stride to u64, and read each entry as a u64, narrowing it to
usize with try_into().
On 32-bit ARM, when this over-decrement would drive a count below zero,
the driver's existing refcount guard refuses it and fires:
rust_binder: Failure: refcount underflow! |
| In afe, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS11431385; Issue ID: MSV-9920. |
| Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Bluetooth Port Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network. |
| Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. |
| Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in HID Parser Library allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network. |
| Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Storage Spaces Controller allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
| Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. |
